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Twenty Seventh Amendment

Twenty Seventh Amendment

The Twenty-Seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution is an interesting amendment that is not as well known as some of the others. It was originally proposed by James Madison in 1789 as part of the Bill of Rights, but was not ratified by the required number of states until 1992. The Twenty-Seventh Amendment deals with congressional pay, and represents an important victory for transparency and accountability in government.

The Twenty-Seventh Amendment states: “No law, varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened.” This means that any changes to the pay of members of Congress cannot take effect until the following election cycle.

The Twenty-Seventh Amendment was originally proposed by James Madison along with the first ten amendments that make up the Bill of Rights. Madison believed that limiting congressional pay was an essential step in guarding against corruption and ensuring that representatives remained accountable to their constituents.

Despite Madison’s commitment to the idea, the Twenty-Seventh Amendment languished for over two centuries, and many believed that it would never be ratified. However, in the 1980s and 1990s, a movement emerged to call attention to the amendment and to push for its ratification as a means of promoting transparency and accountability in government.

Ultimately, the Twenty-Seventh Amendment was ratified by the required number of states in 1991, becoming the most recent amendment to the Constitution. This achievement represented a significant victory for activists and supporters of congressional reform, and demonstrated the enduring relevance and importance of the American Constitution.

Today, the Twenty-Seventh Amendment remains an integral part of the American political system, serving as a crucial safeguard against corruption and promoting transparency and accountability in government. It is a powerful reminder of the importance of citizen engagement and the ongoing struggle to create a more just and equitable society.

In conclusion, the Twenty-Seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution represents an important victory for transparency and accountability in government. While it was originally proposed by James Madison in 1789 as part of the Bill of Rights, it was not ratified until 1992, making it the most recent amendment to the Constitution. The Twenty-Seventh Amendment remains an important symbol of the ongoing struggle to create a more just and equitable society, and serves as a reminder of the enduring importance of citizen engagement in the political process.


The Twenty-Seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution is by far the longest any Constitutional Amendment has taken to be ratified by the states. Its initial proposal began in 1789 and it took over two hundred years to complete the ratification process, finally ending in 1992.

The 27th Amendment deals with the salary of the members of Congress. It prohibits any law from increasing or decreasing the salary from taking effect and being implemented until the next term of office for the House of Representatives. The 27th Amendment is the most recent Constitutional Amendment to have been ratified, which occurred on May 5th, 1992. Its proposal was submitted on September 25th, 1789.

The 27th Amendment was created with the purpose of limiting the power of the members of Congress to pass laws that would effect pay increases in their salaries, which would create for an obvious conflict of interests. The restriction would be necessary in order for Congress to keep in mind the needs of the people of the United States, rather than their own.

The 27th Amendment would call for any salary increases that are to be imposed are to occur after an election. This would prevent from members of Congress to immediately effect a salary increase when elected into office. In other words, Representatives must survive the election process before a raise in salary can take effect.

The provisions held within the 27th Amendment were originally discussed in the North Carolina Convention held in 1788, which was held for the purpose of discussing the Constitution itself. The 27th Amendment was originally drafted and proposed by James Madison, but it was not ratified by the necessary number of states. Only six states would approve ratification: Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Delaware, Vermont, and Virginia. A total of ten was required for ratification. It was during this time that the first ten Constitutional Amendments were ratified, which would eventually become the United States Bill of Rights.